Ammunition architecture: projectile; cartridge tube; throwing load  with auxiliary elements;  ignition device.

 a. The projectile is the assembly of a body, a fuze and an explosive load.

- fuze;

- body - of steel or steel cast iron; warhead - the elongated part of the projectile into which the fuze can be screwed;  length 1,5-3,5 gauges; cylindrical part - length 1,5-3 gauges; 1 to 2 steering arms  width 0,15 to 0,3 gauges, barrel clearance 0,1 to 0,25 mm; 1 to 2 forcing arms – of pure brass, width 25-30 mm, the exterior diameter must be larger by a few thousand guges than the diameter of the barrel, measured at the bottom of the pits – the difference in diameters is called "forcing the arm" and is 0,001-0,015 gauges.

- explosion load: trotyl melted, tetryl, picric acid, hexogen.

- pyrotechnic mixtures: in the tracer patch, fire projectiles.

b. Cartridge Tube

-          It is made of brass or steel;

-          purpose: introduction of the throwing charge, auxiliary elements and ignition devices; protecting the load against external factors; obstruction of the cargo gases during the shooting;

-          structure of the cartridge tube: the neck of the tube, the union (tapered part); the body of the tube (hollow part); tube collar (flange); rear of tube; the eyes for screwing in the priming screw.

c. Throwing charge and auxiliary items
-   it is a certain amount of powder used to fire a projectile and is used to set the projectile in motion with the force of gas pressure produced by the combustion of the powder.

- conditions to be fulfilled by the cargo load: the simplicity of the charge composition; the ability not to change its characteristics during storage; the quality not to produce smoke and flame; combustion is complete; the strength of the throwing charge required to develop the muzzle velocity shall not be greater than the maximum pressure permitted by the strength of the barrel and of the projectile.

 d. Auxiliaries:   

-  Gargusa: powder bags (in terrestrial cannons, shots with incomplete load, uncoupled shots);

- Primer (ignition powder): small amount of highly flammable powder placed between the SPA and the cargo load to reinforce the impulse transmitted from the ignition device. They may be powderes with weapon smoke, large grain or prism smoke powder, nitroglycerin smoke-free powder or porous pyroxyline.  It represents 0,3-0,5% of the weight of the cargo;

- Flame retardants: chemical substances that reduce flame in the muzzle due to the fact that hot powder gases containing CO, CH4, H2 light up easily in contact with oxygen in the atmosphere.  May be in the form of dust: Potassium sulphate K2SO4, potassium chloride KCl (in daylight forms white clouds of smoke — do not use during the day) or their mixture, also as chlororganic combinations, which have a great practical efficiency because they do not form smoke; weight of 0,5 to 1 % of the throwing load weight;

- The anti-copper bars (the copper strip): Pb wire. ,tin or alloy, Pb. Alloy with Zn. or Pb. With tin that in combination with brass particles of the forcing arm does not allow the pipe to be staked (deposition with copper in the barrel grooves => decrease of the inside diameter of the barrel, which results in a change in the projectile balisy or the barrel ring).  At all cannons with a copper forcing arm; approximately 1 % of the weight of the cargo;

- Phlegmatisers: paper coating, covered on both sides with organic substances (ceresine, paraffin, petroleum oil or mixtures ), for the throwing load, in order to reduce the wear of the barrel.  It may be of the flaky type (for small and medium sized cannons caliber) or ribbed type, for 100 mm caliber cannon upwards  It has the downside that it increases the amount of soot in the barrel, worsenes the operating conditions of the tubes, and soasts the loading chamber.