In the range of metric waves, the directivity characteristic is formed by reflection at the earth's surface, in the characteristic appearing directions of minimal radiation and directions of maximum radiation.
The directivity characteristics of the A¹ and A² antennas are formed in such a way (depending on the installation height h¹ and h²) that several directions of signals are formed in space (I, II, III, IV). They can be used to determine the elevation angle, tracking reflected signals from the two antennas, depending on the evolution of the target.